Ghana

Ghana has no statute regulating non-therapeutic male circumcision — its Criminal Code provision on genital cutting (Section 69A) is female-only and does not mention male circumcision, leaving the male rite under general medical regulation. Female genital mutilation is criminalised separately (s.69A, Act 484 of 1994, strengthened to 5–10 years by the 2007 amendment); FGM is a separate, female practice mentioned only to disambiguate and never conflated with male circumcision.

No Ghanaian law specifically regulates, restricts or bans non-therapeutic male circumcision (an absence-of-evidence finding) — the Criminal Code's genital-cutting provision, Section 69A, exclusively targets FEMALE anatomy ("excises, infibulates or otherwise mutilates the whole or any part of the labia minora, labia majora and the clitoris"), does NOT mention male circumcision, and the two are legally and conceptually distinct. Male circumcision falls only under general medical regulation. Female genital mutilation is criminalised separately: s.69A was inserted by Act 484 of 1994 (minimum 3 years) and strengthened by the 2007 amendment (Act 741) to 5–10 years' imprisonment on summary conviction. FGM is a SEPARATE, FEMALE practice cited solely to disambiguate; no FGM datum is recorded as male-circumcision harm, and the two are never conflated. (A "~4% of Ghanaian women / northern-concentrated FGM" figure could not be verified and is not asserted — only the criminalisation facts stand.) Status UNREGULATED reflects the absence of a male-circumcision-specific statute.