Syria

Syria has no statute specifically governing non-therapeutic male circumcision — a near-universal Islamic rite governed, in principle, by general medical regulation, much of which collapsed during the 2011 civil war (the regulatory and monitoring frameworks that would oversee such procedures were severely weakened). Female genital mutilation is essentially undocumented in Syria and is mentioned only to disambiguate; it is never conflated with male circumcision.

No Syrian statute specifically regulating non-therapeutic male circumcision was identified (an absence-of-evidence finding) — it is a near-universal religious rite that, pre-war, fell under general medical regulation, but the 2011 civil war collapsed health-system governance, and Al-Abdulla et al. (2025) identify "the ineffectiveness of regulatory and monitoring frameworks" as one of the most significant weaknesses of the Syrian health system. Female genital mutilation is essentially UNDOCUMENTED in Syria: a 2016 Pharos inquiry found no scientific papers confirming it, Syria is not on the WHO FGM list, and any prevalence/risk is unknown (only anecdotal grey-literature mentions; a rumored ISIS FGM fatwa was unsupported, and the FGM that does occur in the region tracks Sorani-speaking Shafi'i Kurds in Iraq/Iran rather than Syria's Kurmanji-speaking Kurds). FGM is cited solely to disambiguate; no FGM datum is recorded as male-circumcision harm, and the two are never conflated. Status UNREGULATED reflects the absence of a circumcision-specific statute (and, in wartime, of functioning regulation generally).