Religion & Culture
Religious and cultural practice, ritual context, and the debate within affected communities.
What the evidence says
Structured, source-linked claims — rewritten by AntiCirc from primary sources. Each shows its confidence, evidence level, and what it does not prove.
Tuli is near-universal in the Philippines, done at ages 10–14, and socially driven
In the Philippines, circumcision (tuli) is near-universal among males and typically performed in late childhood or early adolescence (about 52% at ages 10–14, roughly 42% younger), not infancy; a community survey found the dominant reasons are social — about two-thirds chose it "to avoid being uncircumcised" and 41% called it "part of the tradition" — rather than medical.
The primary survey (Lee 2005) is single-locale and ~20 years old; the figures describe a strong, stable social norm, not a legal or medical requirement.
Sources
Primary sources cited by this topic’s claims.
Tuli is near-universal in the Philippines, done at ages 10–14, and socially driven
- Peer-reviewedCircumcision practice in the Philippines: community based study· Sexually Transmitted Infections, 2005;81(1):91 · DOI 10.1136/sti.2004.009993 · PMID 15681733 · PMCID PMC1763728
- International orgMale circumcision: global trends and determinants of prevalence, safety and acceptability· World Health Organization / UNAIDS, 2007
- Peer-reviewedFilipino experience of ritual male circumcision: knowledge and insights for anti-circumcision advocacy· Culture, Health & Sexuality, 2006;8(3):225–234 · DOI 10.1080/13691050600761243 · PMID 16801224
Legacy source maps
Reference pages from IntactiWiki / CIRP that guide this topic's rewrite. They are not copied or mirrored — we map them, then write from primary sources.
CIRP Library — Religion & culture
Material on religious and cultural practice — to be rewritten with primary anthropological / religious sources.
Related countries
Needs an AntiCirc rewrite
Mapped pages still awaiting an original AntiCirc treatment, highest priority first.
CIRP Library — Religion & culture
Material on religious and cultural practice — to be rewritten with primary anthropological / religious sources.